What type of learning is characterized by changes in mental processes?

Cognitive learning is characterized by changes in mental processes, specifically how individuals obtain, process, and retain information. This type of learning emphasizes the internal mental activities that facilitate problem-solving, understanding, and the application of knowledge. Cognitive learning theory posits that learners actively engage with the material, making connections and developing strategies for processing information, which leads to a deeper understanding and retention of the subject matter.

In contrast, behavioral learning focuses primarily on observable behaviors and the responses to stimuli, often neglecting the mental processes that underpin learning. Experiential learning emphasizes learning through experience and reflection, while structural learning is not a widely recognized term in educational psychology. Therefore, cognitive learning stands out as the most accurate description of learning that results in changes in mental processes.